The fur of infected cats is often unclean, matted and has an ill appearance, as the disease is associated to the overpopulation of animals and sanitary conditions of the environment. Lice copulation occurs on the animal and females deposit their eggs, called nits, on the fur of the host.
A nymph hatches from each nit and transforms into an adult. The complete cycle lasts two to three weeks. Far from the host, lice survive only a few days Noli, Lice infestation is generally treated with synthetic pyrethroid insecticides, carbamates, fipronil or selamectin.
These drugs come in powder, liquid, shampoo, spray or spot-on form Noli, However, plants are potential alternative to currently employed insecticides, as they are a rich source of bioactive chemical products and have both aromatic characteristics and essential oils, which are considered responsible for insecticidal activity Carvalho, Plants constitute a viable, less aggressive treatment for cats, with less harm to ecosystems Marinho et al.
Andiroba or crabwood Carapa guianensis Aubl. The oil derived from andiroba seeds is used in folk medicine in northern Brazil for fever, rheumatism and as an anti-inflammatory agent, antibacterial agent and insect repellant Neves et al. Considering the high occurrence of parasitic dermatitis affecting domestic cats and the possibility of obtaining alternative products for combating this condition, the aim of the present study was to assess the in vitro efficacy of andiroba oil Carapa guianensis Aubl.
The lice were transported to the laboratory in plastic recipients and divided into six treatment groups. Four repetitions were performed with 25 specimens, totaling lice per treatment.
The insects were submitted to an immersion bath in 50 mL disposable cups containing 3 mL of the respective solutions. The solution was maintained under constant agitation for three minutes, after which the excess liquid was removed and the specimens were transferred to paper-filter envelops and kept at room temperature. Six observations were made: 1, 3, 6, 24, 48 and 72 h after beginning the test.
The assessment of efficacy was performed by counts of living and dead specimens, with mortality based on the physical aspect of the insect. For the statistical analysis, absolute and relative distributions were determined.
Pearson's chi-square test was used for comparisons between treatments, with the margin of error set at 5. Table 1 displays the percentage values of the in vitro efficacy of the oil derived from seeds of Carapa guianensis on F.
These results were similar to those achieved with monosulfiram, which is also known as tetraethyl thiuram monosulfide. This ectotoparasiticide is a sulfur compound used by a number of researchers and has demonstrated efficacy, especially for ectoparasites of mice Santos et al.
The specimens in the control group with distilled water remained viable throughout the experiment, with an increasing mortality rate beginning at 48 h Table 1. This finding stems from the biology of the insect, which only survives two to three days without a host Noli, Although studies on andiroba oil as a phytotherapeutic agent are rare, the action of this oil has been demonstrated on the larvae of Musca domestica Farias, , Aedes sp. Miot et al. In the experiment carried out by Farias , larval mortality rates were 20, 7.
The in vitro tests carried out by Farias et al. Studies assessing the pediculicide action of different vegetal extracts have reported lower efficacy rates than those of the present study. Neto et al. Heath et al. On the other hand, Ramos et al. Substances found in vegetal extracts, such as terpenoids and alkaloids, contribute toward their activity against insects Isman, But despite the evidence of the bioactivity of andiroba against insects and mites, other studies must be implemented in order to assess its spectrum of action "in vivo" for treatment of ectoparasitic infestations that attack pets.
Abrir menu Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia. Abrir menu. Farias Juliana P. Tavares Leucio C. Alves Maria A. Faustino About the authors. We pride ourselves in bringing you a variety of Beretta Firearms and gun related products from the most affordable to the most exclusive. Our goal is to make sure you get the highest quality Beretta firearm at the best price and without any hassle.
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